· Orion Delta Team · Technology · 3 min read
Invisible Transparent Antennas
A case study on the design, fabrication and characterisation of optically transparent antennas.

Transparent antennas represent a groundbreaking advancement in antenna technology, providing the ability to integrate high-performance antenna functionality into visible surfaces without compromising aesthetics. These antennas achieve unparalleled optical transparency, conductivity, and performance across a wide range of applications, redefining the possibilities for antenna integration in automotive, aerospace, consumer electronics, and telecommunications.
The Benefits of Transparent Antennas
Transparent antennas provide several unique advantages:
- High Optical Transparency: With transmittance levels of up to 98%, these antennas remain invisible to the naked eye, enabling seamless integration into surfaces such as glass or plastic.
- Exceptional Conductivity: Achieving low sheet resistance, transparent antennas ensure superior efficiency.
- Lightweight Design: Transparent antennas are lightweight, making them ideal for applications requiring portability and reduced material usage.
- Sustainable Solution: Using a fraction of the metal required for conventional antennas, these designs offer an environmentally friendly alternative while maintaining high performance.
- Customization: Fully customizable for multi-band and ultra-wideband frequencies, transparent antennas deliver exceptional radiation performance and are adaptable for specific frequency bands and use cases.
Cutting-Edge Applications
Transparent antennas are revolutionizing industries by enabling advanced functionality in previously challenging environments. Key applications include:
- Automotive and Transportation:
- Vehicle-to-vehicle communication for autonomous driving.
- Integration with radar/lidar systems for collision avoidance (77 GHz).
- Replacement of traditional shark-fin or monopole antennas for GPS, Wi-Fi, 4G, and 5G communication.
- Compatibility with Advanced Systems: designed to integrate with LIDAR, radar, and camera systems, meeting the needs of modern communication and sensing technologies.
- Smartphones and Telecommunications:
- mm-wave 5G communication (26–28 GHz) for smartphones, wearables, and smart glasses.
- Indoor digital TV antennas (400–800 MHz) with transparent designs for aesthetic integration.
- Aerospace:
- Transparent antennas for satellite communication, particularly on solar panels to maximise light exposure.
- Augmented Reality:
- Transparent antennas embedded in AR glasses to reduce bulk and enhance high-band I/O communication.
- RF-based eye-tracking.
- RFID Tags:
- Transparent RFID tags for inventory management and tracking, combining functionality with discreet integration.

Our Unique Expertise and Innovation
Our transparent antenna solutions are backed by proprietary IP and expertise to address critical challenges in the field. These include:
- Interfacing with PCBs: seamlessly integrating transparent antennas with microstrip lines and integrated circuits to ensure optimal performance.
- High-Frequency Modelling: expertise in modelling and incorporating effects and impedance up to 90 GHz, ensuring reliability and performance across a wide frequency range.
- Radiation efficiency: overcoming traditional trade-offs between transparency and efficiency using advanced design methods and custom mesh designs.
- Integration with transparent heaters: combined RF communications and simultaneous defogging of the camera or sensor region.
- Performance Characterization: RF characterisation, environmental testing, optical and electrical performance characterisation.
To support volume fabrication, we collaborate with trusted partners, ensuring high-quality production capabilities that scale to meet the demands of our clients. This partnership approach enables us to deliver reliable and efficient solutions for a wide range of applications.

A Comprehensive Solution
Our metal mesh transparent antennas combine innovation, customisation, and performance to redefine antenna design. With capabilities ranging from rapid prototyping to large-scale production, we ensure a reliable, scalable, and efficient solution for the demands of next-generation communication and sensing technologies.

